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Английский язык :: Беликова Елена
Страница: 12 из 68Inferior to the lumbar vertebrae are five sacral vertebrae forming a strong bone in adults. The most inferior group of vertebrae are four small vertebrae forming together the соссуx.
The vertebral column is not made up of bone alone. It also has cartilages.
New words
skeleton – скелет
make up – составлять
weight – вес
trunk – туловище
vertebrae – позвоночник
thoracic cavity – грудная клетка
pelvic – тазовый
cervical – шейный
atlas – 1 шейный позвонок
sternum – грудина
mainly – главным образом
axis – ось
spinal column – позвоночник
inferior – нижний
rib – ребро
pair – пара
sacral – сакральный
соссуx – копчик
floating – плавающий
forming – формирующий
cartilage – хрящ
lumbar – поясничный
adult – взрослый
11. Muscles
Muscles are the active part of the motor apparatus; their contraction produces various movements.
The muscles may be divided from a physiological standpoint into two classes: the voluntary muscles, which are under the control of the will, and the involuntary muscles, which are not.
All muscular tissues are controlled by the nervous system.
When muscular tissue is examined under the microscope, it is seen to be made up of small, elongated threadlike cells, which arc called muscle fibres, and which are bound into bundles by connective tissue.
There are three varieties of muscle fibres:
1) striated muscle fibres, which occur in voluntary muscles;
2) unstriated muscles which bring about movements in the internal organs;
3) cardiac or heart fibres, which are striated like (1), but are otherwise different.
Muscle consists of threads, or muscle fibers, supported by connective tissue, which act by fiber contraction. There are two types of muscles smooth and striated. Smooth, muscles are found in the walls of all the hollow organs and tubes of the body, such as blood vessels and intestines. These react slowly to stimuli from the autonomic nervous system. The striated, muscles of the body mostly attach to the bones and move the skeleton. Under the microscope their fibres have a cross – striped appearance. Striated muscle is capable of fast contractions.
The vertebral column is not made up of bone alone. It also has cartilages.
New words
skeleton – скелет
make up – составлять
weight – вес
trunk – туловище
vertebrae – позвоночник
thoracic cavity – грудная клетка
pelvic – тазовый
cervical – шейный
atlas – 1 шейный позвонок
sternum – грудина
mainly – главным образом
axis – ось
spinal column – позвоночник
inferior – нижний
rib – ребро
pair – пара
sacral – сакральный
соссуx – копчик
floating – плавающий
forming – формирующий
cartilage – хрящ
lumbar – поясничный
adult – взрослый
11. Muscles
Muscles are the active part of the motor apparatus; their contraction produces various movements.
The muscles may be divided from a physiological standpoint into two classes: the voluntary muscles, which are under the control of the will, and the involuntary muscles, which are not.
All muscular tissues are controlled by the nervous system.
When muscular tissue is examined under the microscope, it is seen to be made up of small, elongated threadlike cells, which arc called muscle fibres, and which are bound into bundles by connective tissue.
There are three varieties of muscle fibres:
1) striated muscle fibres, which occur in voluntary muscles;
2) unstriated muscles which bring about movements in the internal organs;
3) cardiac or heart fibres, which are striated like (1), but are otherwise different.
Muscle consists of threads, or muscle fibers, supported by connective tissue, which act by fiber contraction. There are two types of muscles smooth and striated. Smooth, muscles are found in the walls of all the hollow organs and tubes of the body, such as blood vessels and intestines. These react slowly to stimuli from the autonomic nervous system. The striated, muscles of the body mostly attach to the bones and move the skeleton. Under the microscope their fibres have a cross – striped appearance. Striated muscle is capable of fast contractions.