JК
Английский язык :: Беликова Елена
Страница: 19 из 68, longus colli, longus capitis) This layer gives rise to a derivative known as the alar fascia.
The major muscle groups and their innervations. A simple method of organizing the muscles of the neck is based on two basic principles: (1) The muscles may be arranged in group according to their functions; and (2) all muscles in a group share common innervation with one exception in each group.
Group 1: Muscles of the tongue. All intrinsic muscles plus all but one of the extrinsic muscles (i. e., those containing the suffix, glossus) of the tongue are supplied by CN XII. The one exception is palatoglossus, which is supplied by CN X.
Group 2: Muscles of the larynx. All but one of the intrinsic muscles of the larynx are supplied by the recurrent la-ryngeal branch of the vagus nerve. The sole exception is the cricothyroid muscle, which is supplied by the external laryngeal branch of the vagus.
Group 3: Muscles of the pharynx. All but one of the longitudinal and circular muscles of the pharynx are supplied by CNs X and XI (cranial portion). The sole exception is the stylopharyngeus muscle, which is supplied by CN IX.
Group 4: Muscles of the soft palate. All but one of the muscles of the palate are supplied by CNs X and XI (cranial portion). The sole exception is the tensor veli palatini, which is supplied CN V3.
Group 5: Infrahyoid muscles. All but one of the infrahyo-id muscles are supplied by the ansa cervicalis of the cervical olexus (C1, C2, and C3). The exception is the thy-rohyoid, which is supplied by a branch of C1. (This branch of C1 also supplies the geniohyoid muscle).
New words
neck – шея
cervical – цервикальный
vertebrae – позвоночник
cricoid cartilage – перстневидный хрящ гортани
scapulae – лопатка
scalene – лестничная мышца
brachial plexus – плечевое сплетение
vagus nerve – блуждающий нерв
hypoglossal nerve – подъязычный нерв
laryngeal branches – гортанные ветви
17. Thoracic wall
There are 12 thoracic vertebrae. Each rib articulates with the body of the numerically corresponding vertebra and the one below it. Sternum: the manubrium articulates with the clavicle and the first rib. It meets the body of the sternum at the sternal angel an important clinical landmark.
The body articulates directly with ribs 2–7; it articulates interiorly with the xiphoid process.
The major muscle groups and their innervations. A simple method of organizing the muscles of the neck is based on two basic principles: (1) The muscles may be arranged in group according to their functions; and (2) all muscles in a group share common innervation with one exception in each group.
Group 1: Muscles of the tongue. All intrinsic muscles plus all but one of the extrinsic muscles (i. e., those containing the suffix, glossus) of the tongue are supplied by CN XII. The one exception is palatoglossus, which is supplied by CN X.
Group 2: Muscles of the larynx. All but one of the intrinsic muscles of the larynx are supplied by the recurrent la-ryngeal branch of the vagus nerve. The sole exception is the cricothyroid muscle, which is supplied by the external laryngeal branch of the vagus.
Group 3: Muscles of the pharynx. All but one of the longitudinal and circular muscles of the pharynx are supplied by CNs X and XI (cranial portion). The sole exception is the stylopharyngeus muscle, which is supplied by CN IX.
Group 4: Muscles of the soft palate. All but one of the muscles of the palate are supplied by CNs X and XI (cranial portion). The sole exception is the tensor veli palatini, which is supplied CN V3.
Group 5: Infrahyoid muscles. All but one of the infrahyo-id muscles are supplied by the ansa cervicalis of the cervical olexus (C1, C2, and C3). The exception is the thy-rohyoid, which is supplied by a branch of C1. (This branch of C1 also supplies the geniohyoid muscle).
New words
neck – шея
cervical – цервикальный
vertebrae – позвоночник
cricoid cartilage – перстневидный хрящ гортани
scapulae – лопатка
scalene – лестничная мышца
brachial plexus – плечевое сплетение
vagus nerve – блуждающий нерв
hypoglossal nerve – подъязычный нерв
laryngeal branches – гортанные ветви
17. Thoracic wall
There are 12 thoracic vertebrae. Each rib articulates with the body of the numerically corresponding vertebra and the one below it. Sternum: the manubrium articulates with the clavicle and the first rib. It meets the body of the sternum at the sternal angel an important clinical landmark.
The body articulates directly with ribs 2–7; it articulates interiorly with the xiphoid process.